钙长石系尾矿微晶玻璃的制备及发光性能

以钼尾矿、铁尾矿和铜尾矿等为主要原料,采用烧结法制备了钙长石系微晶玻璃。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差热扫描量热仪(DTA)表征了结构和性能,研究了Eu~(3+)在微晶玻璃中的发光性能。结果表明,采用一步法制备钙长石微晶玻璃:较佳熔制温度为1450℃,Eu_2O_3在掺杂浓度0.1%时荧光强度最好,当晶化温度到1050℃时荧光强度最强,Eu~(3+)的有效激发波长为415 nm,发射波长为591 nm的橙-红光。     

钼尾矿复合胶凝材料的制备及其水化机理研究

为了促进固体废弃物的资源化利用，解决尾矿堆积带来的环境、安全问题，并提供相应的理论依据，以钼尾矿为主要原料制备复合胶凝材料，通过粒度分析、力学性能测试、X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜 （SEM）等测试手段，研究了钼尾矿磨矿时间和掺量对胶凝材料性能的影响及复合胶凝材料的水化机理。结果表明：①当钼尾矿粉磨时间为80 min，比表面积为500 m2/kg，其28 d活性指数接近1.2；钼尾矿掺量为40% ，胶砂比为1∶3，水胶比为0.5时，所制备的复合胶凝材料胶砂块28 d抗压强度为52 MPa。②复合胶凝材料水化反应初期，主要生成水化硅酸钙和钙矾石，为胶砂块提供了早期强度，水化反应后期主要产物为C—S—H 凝胶、水化铝酸钙及钙矾石（AFt），尾矿残余颗粒及水化产物的凝聚效应为胶砂块强度提供了保障。     

等温退火对8030铝合金导线组织性能的影响

研究了不同等温退火工艺对8030铝合金导线组织及性能的影响。结果表明:等温退火前后合金均由α-Al基体和Al₆Fe相组成。在同一等温温度下,随着等温时间的延长组织逐渐趋于均匀化;同一等温时间下,随着等温温度的升高,组织趋于均匀化的时间缩短。经过等温退火处理后铝合金导线的导电率均有所提高,在470 ℃均匀化退火24 h后再经240 ℃等温4 h,合金导电率达到最高值57.21%IACS,比未经热处理试样的导电率提高了2.4%IACS。经过等温退火处理后铝合金导线的硬度及抗拉强度均有所降低,塑性大幅度提高。在470 ℃均匀化退火24 h后再经260 ℃等温8 h,合金的伸长率最高可达23.64%。热处理前后合金均为塑性断裂。     

铝粉增强钼尾矿发泡水泥力学性能研究

以钼尾矿和PC 32.5水泥质量比2:3为原料制备钼尾矿发泡水泥,对铝粉增强发泡水泥的力学性能进行研究,利用XRD和SEM对水化产物的矿物组成和微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明:铝粉对钼尾矿发泡水泥力学性能增强显著,铝粉掺量0.2‰时制备的钼尾矿发泡水泥力学性能较佳,28 d抗压强度提高28.9%,抗压强度为1.07 MPa,干密度为397.9 kg/m~3;制品中最终水化产物主要为托贝莫来石和C-S-H凝胶。     

Synthesis and evaluation of fluorosilicone‐modified starch for protection of historic stone

Starch is sensitive to moisture and is weak to durability in the protection application to ancient relics. Therefore, two fluorosilicone‐modified starches are firstly prepared and evaluated for the protection of historic stones. The fluoro‐silicone copolymer grafted starch of P(VTMS/12FMA)‐g‐starch is synthesized by grafting copolymer of vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) and dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (12FMA) onto starch. While the fluoro‐silicone starch latex of VTMS‐starch@P(MMA/BA/3FMA) is obtained by emulsion polymerization of VTMS primarily grafted‐starch (VTMS‐starch) with methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA) and 2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate (3FMA). The grafting fluorosilicone copolymer onto starch improves obviously their hydrophobic and thermal properties. Comparatively, VTMS‐starch@P(MMA/BA/3FMA) film performs higher water contact angle (107°) and thermal stability (350–430°C) than p(VTMS/12FMA)‐g‐starch film (72°, 250–420°C) due to the migration of fluorine‐containing group onto the surface of film during the film formation. Therefore, VTMS‐starch@P(MMA/BA/3FMA) shows much better protective performance in water‐resistance, and salt/freeze‐thaw resistance for stone samples. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41650.     

红透山铜矿废石X射线辐射预选及预选后矿样的工艺矿物学特性研究

对-150 20mm粒级铜品位为0.10%的红透山采矿废石进行了X射线辐射预选试验研究,结果表明,当激发电压为36kV、滤光片数目为9片,给矿频率为30Hz、分离阈值为0.11时,可获得铜品位为1.10%,回收率为70.80%的预选产品。利用MLA分析系统对预选后矿样进行了工艺矿物学特性研究,查明了预选后铜矿石中的矿物组成,铜、锌等有用矿物的赋存形式、嵌布特性及共伴生状态,为有用矿物的后续分离工艺的选择奠定了理论基础。     

含金铜尾矿中金的回收技术研究

在工艺矿物学研究的基础上对含金0.084g/t,硫2.74%的铜尾矿进行了金的强化回收技术研究。研究结果表明,含金铜尾矿经过一次粗选、一次精选、一次扫选闭路流程可获得硫品位为43.34%,回收率为44.30%的硫精矿,其中金品位为1.26 g/t、回收率为42.06%,达到硫精矿计价标准。理论分析显示,组合药剂的使用可大幅度提高含金矿物的选别效果,Y-89和丁铵黑药的组合属于正-负型协同药剂,药剂基团中硫原子的Mulliken电荷分布是影响捕收剂选别性能的关键因素。     

The effect of polypyrrole-bound anthraquinonedisulphonate dianion on cathodic reduction of oxygen

Functionalized polypyrrole (PPy) films were prepared by incorporation of anthraquinonedisulphonate (AQDS) as doping anion during the electropolymerization of pyrrole (Py) monomer at a glassy carbon electrode from aqueous solution. The electrochemical behavior of the PPy-bound AQDS modified electrode and cathodic reduction of oxygen on the resulting polymer film were studied. An obvious surface redox reaction corresponding to AQ/H₂AQ was observed and the dependence of this reaction on the solution pH was also illustrated. The electrocatalytic ability of the PPy-bound AQDS modified electrode was demonstrated by the electroreduction of oxygen at the optimized pH of 6.3 in a phosphate buffer. The reduced AQDS (H₂AQ) is responsible for the extraordinary catalytic activity to the oxygen reduction reaction. The PPy layers not only act as an electron mediator, but also facilitate the stability of the modified electrode. It was found that the catalytic reaction occurred in the presence of the bound AQDS and O₂ is in agreement with an electrochemical–chemical (EC) mechanism. The kinetic parameters of oxygen reduction were determined using Koutecky–Levich equation and Tafel polarization technique.     

钻井岩屑烧制轻质高强陶粒的研究

采用钻井岩屑为主要原料,加入黏土、钾长石,结合发泡剂经高温烧成得到轻质高强陶粒,对陶粒的堆积密度、筒压强度、吸水率、放射性和有害元素浸出量进行测试。结果表明,采用80%钻井岩屑,10%黏土和10%钾长石,添加原料总质量0.4%的发泡剂,在1 110℃下烧成保温10 min,可制备筒压强度11.3 MPa、堆积密度732 kg/m~3、吸水率4.6%的轻质高强陶瓷颗粒,其放射性及有害元素浸出量均满足国家标准要求。     

低硅铁尾矿微晶泡沫玻璃的耐酸碱性研究

以商洛市大西沟低硅铁尾矿和废玻璃粉为主要原料,以Na2B4O7.5H2O作为助溶剂,CaCO3和Na3PO4l2H2O分别作为发泡剂和稳泡剂,TiO2和CaF2作为复合晶核剂,采用熔融-烧结工艺制备微晶泡沫玻璃.借助XRD、TG-DSC、SEM等测试手段,研究了微晶泡沫玻璃的物相、显微结构以及耐酸碱性能测试前后的失重率、力学性能.结果 表明,基础玻璃配合料分别在800℃、950℃和1050℃进行发泡、核化、晶化后,制得了以标准透辉石为主晶相、易变辉石和白硅钙石为次晶相的钙铁硅型微晶泡沫玻璃.形貌分析发现,其内部分布着大量孔径不一、平均尺寸小于2.0 mm的封闭式气孔.抗腐蚀测试24 h后,试样的耐酸耐碱失重率仅为0.11％和0.17％,抗压强度仍保持在37.1 MPa和36.8 MPa,且在H2SO4中表现出比NaOH溶液中更优异的抗腐蚀性能.铁尾矿的大量掺入以及复合晶核剂的复配对微晶泡沫玻璃优异的耐酸碱腐蚀性起主导作用.